Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Pharmaceutical Care 2322-4630 1 2 2015 10 10 51 54 EN Fanak Fahimi Clinical Pharmacy Department, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Pharmaceutical Care Department,Tehran,Iran Fatemeh Soleymani Department of Pharm acoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Management, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran AND National Committee on Rational Use of Drugs, Food and Drug Organization, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran Maria Tavakoli-Ardakani Clinical Pharmacy Department, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 10 2015 10 10 Background: Increasing antimicrobial resistance is now a critical point of human being in the world. Especially wide spectrum antibiotics resistance germs like vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) should be dealt as soon as possible as an emergency conflict. Our study tries to reveal the amount of irrational use of vancomycin in a teaching hospital in Iran. Methods: We elected the whole inpatients that received vancomycin between February 2007 and May 2008. Results: Forty four out of those 45 patients had inappropriate indication and dosing regimen of vancomycin (97.7%). The most use of vancomycin was recorded in hematology – oncology ward and then Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Culture responses were negative despite great clinical evidence of infection. Conclusion: Vancomycin irrational use was high compared to other countries and it could be concerned as a major health problem by health policy makers and physicians to deal. However more detailed researches are needed to reveal the other aspects of this problem. Implementation of antibiotic protocols and standard treatment guidelines are recommended. https://jpc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jpc/article/view/12 https://jpc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jpc/article/download/12/12