Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Pharmaceutical Care 2322-4630 6 3-4 2019 07 16 76 78 EN Foroud Shahbazi Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.AND Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Hasanali Karimpour Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran 2018 07 11 2018 07 29 Sepsis-induced leukopenia occurs in critically ill patients and associated with negative clinical outcomes. A sixty years old patients with respiratory failure, decreased level of consciousness and pneumonia transferred to the intensive care unit. During intensive care stay patients developed late ventilator-associated pneumonia and severe neutropenia. Colony stimulating factor (filgrastim) was initiated for patients. Severe leukocytosis (leukocyte counts of 94000/mm3) was seen with no source of new infection was detected. After filgrastim discontinuation serum leukocyte counts returned to the normal limits with no sequel or complication. Although Hyperleukocytosis may increase the risk of thrombosis and pulmonary edema. Most cases of iatrogenic hyperleukocytosis are well tolerated with no complication. https://jpc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jpc/article/view/220