Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Pharmaceutical Care 2322-4630 9 1 2021 04 04 31 38 Rasool Soltani Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences,Isfahan, Iran AND Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Atousa Hakamifard Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Sarah Mousavi Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Zohreh Amani Students Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. 2020 12 14 Background: Drug Utilization Evaluation (DUE) studies are designed to assess drug usage appropriateness. This study aimed to evaluate the drug utilization of antibiotics in the intensive care units (ICUs) of a referral teaching hospital.Methods: Patients hospitalized in ICU who received antibiotics were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Patients’ medical charts were reviewed and data including indication of antibiotics, dosing, dose adjustment, and culture sensitivity test were recorded in a predesigned data collection form. Related guidelines and references were used for judgement about the correctness of these parameters.Results: Among 182 evaluated antibiotic prescriptions, 75.8% of the cases were prescribed empirically that for 31.88% of them, microbial culture and sensitivity test were requested. Indication was appropriate in 51.6%. Fifteen patients needed antibiotic dose adjustment that was performed just for 4 patients. Doses of antibiotics were correct in 58.5% of cases. Meropenem (15.9%), Metronidazole (15.9%), and vancomycin (11.5%) were the most frequently prescribed antibiotics.Conclusion: Use of antibiotics in ICUs of our hospital is associated with high rate of errors especially in the aspects of medical indication and dosage. https://jpc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jpc/article/view/393