Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Pharmaceutical Care 2322-4630 11 4 2023 12 31 214 218 Niloufar Sadat Mirasi Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Mehrnoush Dianatkhah Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Alireza Hosseiny Department of Cardiac Surgery, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Rasool Soltani Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Azadeh Keshavarz Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Sepehr Boroumandpour Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. 2023 08 15 2023 11 04 Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is the most common reason for patient readmission after surgery. Because most cases of surgical site infection are preventable with antimicrobial prophylaxis, adherence to appropriate guidelines is critical. The aim of this study was to evaluate adherence to guideline recommendations for antimicrobial prophylaxis of surgical site infections at Shahid Chamran Heart Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted using prospective data collected from December 2021 to June 2022 in the cardiac surgery ward of Chamran Hospital. Adherence to "Clinical practice guidelines for antimicrobial prophylaxis in surgery (2013)" was assessed using data from patient records regarding the type, dosage, timing, and duration of antimicrobial prophylaxis. Results: A total of 363 patients were included in this study. The compliance rate with the guideline in terms of the type, dosing, initiation time, redosing and duration of the antimicrobial agent was 99.72%, 1.6%, 98.8%, 29.28%, and 0% respectively.Conclusion: The present study revealed relatively low adherence to the guidelines in terms of dosing, re-dosing and duration of antimicrobial prophylaxis at Chamran Heart Hospital. Based on the results, developing a local guideline is highly recommended. https://jpc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jpc/article/view/607