Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Pharmaceutical Care 2322-4630 13 1 2025 03 29 38 48 EN Mahdi Kalaie 1Department of Clinical Pharmacy. Faculty of Pharmacy, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran. Elliyeh Ghadrdan Department of Clinical Pharmacy. Faculty of Pharmacy, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, and, Research Center for Rational Use of Drugs, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2025 01 15 2025 03 09 Background: One of the essential responsibilities of pharmacists is to provide information and advice regarding over-the-counter (OTC) medications. This study investigates the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of community pharmacists in Karaj, Iran, concerning OTC medications. Method: Data collection was conducted using a researcher-made questionnaire. The questionnaire comprises four sections: Demographic information (13 questions), and questions on knowledge (6 questions), attitudes (7 questions), and practices (3 questions) of community pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical consulting services for OTC medications. Results: Among the 116 pharmacists who participated in this study, 59.5% were women and 40.5% were men (mean age = 41.4 years). The levels of knowledge and practice among the participants were suboptimal, as only 21 pharmacists (18.1%) achieved satisfactory scores in knowledge, and only 9 pharmacists (7.8%) demonstrated satisfactory practices. Additionally, 71 pharmacists (61.2%) received moderate scores in attitudes. A significant correlation was found between the level of knowledge and participation in training courses on OTC medications. The results also demonstrated that younger pharmacists exhibited better knowledge. Conclusion: The results revealed that only a small proportion of pharmacists demonstrated satisfactory knowledge and performance regarding OTC medications. Additionally, the present study highlighted a decline in pharmacists' knowledge levels as they transitioned away from the academic environment, underscoring the necessity for improved post-graduate training programs. https://jpc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jpc/article/view/794 https://jpc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jpc/article/download/794/409