Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Pharmaceutical Care 2322-4630 1 1 2015 10 10 1 2 EN Alireza Hayatshahi Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 10 2015 10 10 #No Abstract# https://jpc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jpc/article/view/1 https://jpc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jpc/article/download/1/1

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Pharmaceutical Care 2322-4630 1 1 2015 10 10 33 37 EN Leila Kouti Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahwaz Jondi-Shapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran Kaveh Eslami Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahwaz Jondi-Shapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran Maryam Noroozian Faculty of Medicine, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 10 2015 10 10 #No Abstract# https://jpc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jpc/article/view/8 https://jpc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jpc/article/download/8/8

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Pharmaceutical Care 2322-4630 1 1 2015 10 10 3 7 EN Asie Moosivand Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ramin Abrishami Pharmaceutical Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Abdollahi Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Pharmaceutical Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Arezoo Ahmadi School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mojtaba Mojtahedzadeh Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Pharmaceutical Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 10 2015 10 10 Background: A high percentage of patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) have Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) criteria. Free radicals play an important role in initiation and development of SIRS. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the molecular changes of cellular antioxidant power in patients with SIRS who received enteral nutrition (EN) or EN combined with parenteral nutrition (PN). Methods: Two groups of 10 patients were enrolled in this randomized, controlled clinical trial. Those in the treatment group received EN+PN and the control group received only EN. Venous blood samples were taken just prior to initiation of nutritional support and then 24, 48 and 72 hours following entry into the study for examination of antioxidant parameters including total thiol, total antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation. Results: The two supportive regimens had different affects on total antioxidant capacity (P=0.005). In the EN group the amount of total antioxidant capacity was not significantly different in different days (P>0.05), but in the EN+PN group it was significantly different on third and forth days as compared to the first day. The two other parameters had no significant differences between the two groups. Conclusion: These  results  are  suggesting  that  an  increase  in  oxidative  stress  bio- markers are not necessarily related to the route of pharmaconutrition and may occurindependently during metabolic support measures. https://jpc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jpc/article/view/2 https://jpc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jpc/article/download/2/2

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Pharmaceutical Care 2322-4630 1 1 2015 10 10 8 12 EN Ebrahim Salehifar Associate Professor of Clinical Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy Department, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Care Department of Emam Khomeini Hospital, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran Shahram Ala Associate Professor of Clinical Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy Department, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Care Department of Emam Khomeini Hospital, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran Mina Amini Pharmacist, Pharmaceutical Care Department of Emam Khomeini Hospital, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran Elham Azhdari Pharmacist, Pharmaceutical Care Department of Emam Khomeini Hospital, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran Farzaneh Mir-Shafa Pharmacist, Food and Drug Deputy of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran 2015 10 10 2015 10 10 Background: Following establishment of Iranian Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) Monitoring  Center  in  1997, ADR  committees  were  established  in  all  hospitals  of Mazandaran Province of Iran. Clinical pharmacists from Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences have been involved with these committees since 2007. The aim of this study was to compare the results of the pharmacovigilance system before and after active involvement of clinical pharmacists. Methods:  This  study  included Yellow  Cards  filled out  by  healthcare  providers  inMazandaran Province during 2004-2010. Frequency of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs), route of administration, reporters, number of reports in each years and damaged organs were focuses. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 16 software. P< 0.05 was considered as significant difference. Results: A total of 793 yellow cards were completed during 2004 – 2010. Only 38 ADRs(4.8%) were related to 2004-2007. Most of the reports generated by Nurses (49.3%) followed by Pharmacists and Physicians (P< 0.001). Forty-one reactions (5.2%) were serious, most related to Ceftriaxone, Desfonac and Vancomycin. Conclusion: Clinical pharmacists’ intervention regarding establishing ADR committees in the hospitals improved the output of the pharmacovigilance system, although under- reporting is still a major drawback of spontaneous reporting. https://jpc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jpc/article/view/3 https://jpc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jpc/article/download/3/3

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Pharmaceutical Care 2322-4630 1 1 2015 10 10 13 18 EN Kheirollah Gholami Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Research Center for Rational Use of Drugs, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammadreza Rouini Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Niayesh Mohebbi Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Iman Karimzadeh Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mehdi Ahadi-barzoki Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health, Tehran, Iran Mahboob Lessan-pezeshki Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Saeed Rezaee Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 2015 10 10 2015 10 10 Background: The purpose of this study was to characterize the pharmacokinetic parameters of mycophenolic acid (MPA) in Iranian kidney transplant patients. Methods: Plasma MPA concentration of mycophenolate mofetile (MMF) 1 gram two times a day was measured in 21 Iranian kidney transplant recipients receiving treatment. Patients who entered the study had been transplanted for more than 3 months and their drug level was supposed to be at steady state. MMF concentration was measured with High- Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Results: The plasma MPA concentration-time curve was characterized by an early sharp peak at about 1 hour postdose. The mean Area Under Curve (AUC), Cmax and Tmax were 47.0±18.3 µg.h/ml, 18.6±8.5 µg/ml and 1.0±0.5 hours respectively. Conclusion: The plasma MPA concentration-time curve pattern of Iranian patients was similar and consistent with previously reported profiles in other populations taking the same dose. https://jpc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jpc/article/view/4 https://jpc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jpc/article/download/4/4

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Pharmaceutical Care 2322-4630 1 1 2015 10 10 19 24 EN Somayeh Hanafi Pharmaceutical Care Department, Dr.Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Farshad Poormalek Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Faculty of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hassan Torkamandi Pharmaceutical Care Department, Dr.Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mirhamed Hajimiri 13 Aban Drug and Poison Information Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Meysam Esmaeili 13 Aban Drug and Poison Information Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Seyed Hamid Khooie Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Kheirollah Gholami Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Research Center for Rational Use of Drugs, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Alireza Hayatshahi Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammadreza Javadi Pharmaceutical Care Department, Dr.Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 10 2015 10 10 Background: The principles of pharmaceutical care are embedded in the concept of Good Pharmacy Practice (GPP). GPP is poorly applied in community pharmacies not only in Asian countries, but even in United States and Europe. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of the community pharmacists in Iran, regarding GPP. Methods: A total of 794 pharmacists were evaluated with a reliable and validated KAP (Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice) questionnaire regarding GPP in September 2008. Results: The most important finding in the present study was the pharmacists’ low knowledge (Mean= 13.42) and practice (Mean= 29.85) level about GPP, while their attitude towards this subject was at a high level (Mean= 74.83). Increase in their knowledge of good pharmacy practice aligned with an increase in their attitudes towards this issue. Also increase in our pharmacists’ knowledge and attitude aligned with an increase in quality of their practice. Conclusion: The  current  practice  of  Iranian  community  pharmacists  needs  further improvement. National pharmaceutical organizations should organize educational programs for the community pharmacists to equip them for their main role in communitypractice: promoting rational drug use. https://jpc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jpc/article/view/5 https://jpc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jpc/article/download/5/5

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Pharmaceutical Care 2322-4630 1 1 2015 10 10 25 28 EN AmirHooshang Mohammadpour School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran AND Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Seyed Adel Moallem School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran AND Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Maryam Bafandegan School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Jamal Shamsara School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Fatemeh Nazemian Nephrology Ward, Department of Internal Medicine, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran AND Vascular Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 2015 10 10 2015 10 10 Background: It has been shown that serum total homocysteine (HC) is a risk factor for vascular disease which characterizes endothelial damage in the general and in the End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) population as well. Whether n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease homocysteine (Hcy) level has been a subject of controversy. Methods: Renal transplant patients were randomized in 2 groups and received 6 months of dietary supplementation with 6 g/day of Fish oil or placebo. Homocysteine level and total cholesterol level were measured. Results: In 40 renal transplant recipients, increase in homocysteine level was greater after Fish oil administration but not significantly, total cholesterol was decreased significantly. Conclusion: Based on these data omega3 fatty acids supplementation doesn’t decrease serum homocysteine in renal transplant recipients but decreases total cholesterol level. https://jpc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jpc/article/view/6 https://jpc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jpc/article/download/6/6

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Pharmaceutical Care 2322-4630 1 1 2015 10 10 29 32 EN Mohammadreza Javadi Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Pharmaceutical Care Department, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Kheirollah Gholami Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Center for Rational Use of Drugs, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hassan Torkamandi Pharmaceutical Care Department, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Alireza Hayatshahi Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Pharmaceutical Care Department, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 10 2015 10 10 Beta-lactams are a group of antibiotics with a broad spectrum of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive coverage. The goal of this study is to evaluate the results from studies regarding Ig-E mediated hypersensitivity to Penicillin and cross-reactivity with other beta-lactams. Review was conducted of both retrospective and prospective studies by searching in PubMed and Medline for the original and systematic review articles by using the keywords: penicillin allergy, beta-lactams and cross-reactivity. The rate of true Penicillin allergy is about 10% of reported cases by the patients. The rate of Ig-E mediated cross-reactivity between Penicillin and Cephalosporins is less than 10% for the first and second generations and less than 5% for the third and fourth generations. According to the reviewed studies, Imipenem has between 9.2% to 25.6% cross- reactivity with Penicillin. Recent studies have shown safe use of Meropenem in patients with penicillin allergy even with positive skin test. The only member of Monobactam family, Aztreonam, has no cross-reactivity with any of Penicillins, Cephalosporins (with the exception of Ceftazidime) and Carbapenems. Due to the low rate of true Penicillin allergy, the patient’s self report of this adverse reaction must be justified carefully before avoiding beta-lactams. Even in the cases of true penicillin allergy, Meropenem appears to be safe, if indicated. There are also a few case reports regarding hypersensitivities to Clavulanate itself and also its cross-reactivity with Penicillin. https://jpc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jpc/article/view/7 https://jpc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jpc/article/download/7/7