Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Pharmacists in Tehran Pharmacies regarding Environmental Health Issues to Increase Good Pharmacy Practice
-
Mohammad-Javad Niazi
,
Ramin Abrishami
,
Parisa Shojaei
,
Seyed-Matin Sadeghi-Sokeh
,
Ramin Radmanesh
Abstract
Background: In addition to being the most accessible medical center in the community, the pharmacy is a center for storing and providing medicines and cosmetics that are directly related to people's health. Therefore, observing environmental health issues in the pharmacy, which is managed by the pharmacist, is considered necessary. In this study, considering the direct and high impact of observing various aspects of environmental health on the good pharmacy practice and its value, it has been tried by examining the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of pharmacists in the pharmacies of Tehran city and presenting it, the necessary ground for promotion The environmental health status of pharmacies should be provided.
Methods: In this research, standard researcher-made questionnaires were designed and after checking its validity by clinical pharmacists, environmental health and biostatistics experts and its reliability with Cronbach's alpha test, It was completed by the pharmacists of Tehran community pharmacies in the period of April to September 2022, observing ethical points and preserving their identity, in order to show their knowledge, attitude and performance towards environmental health issues in the pharmacy where they operate. Then the obtained data were analyzed in SPSS version 23.0 statistical software.
Results: Examination of the data obtained from this study showed that the pharmacists in the study have the appropriate level of knowledge and attitude, but their performance in pharmacies is different.
Conclusion: Observation of the results of the study shows that due to the lack of appropriate practical training and the lack of strict rules by regulatory authorities, despite the appropriate level of knowledge of pharmacists, in practice do not consider themselves very obliged to observe health principles.
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27. Abahussain NA, Abahussain EA, Al-Oumi FM. Pharmacists' attitudes and awareness towards the use and safety of herbs in Kuwait. Pharm Pract (internet). 2007;5(3):125-9.
28. Abdollahi AA, Rahmani H, Behnampour N. Assessment of level of knowledge, attitude and practice of employed nurses to nosocomial infection in teaching hospitals of Golestan University of Medical Sciences (2000). Journal of Gorgan University of Medical Sciences. 2003;5(1):80-6.
29. Zolfaghari B, Yousefi A, Adibi P. A look to five-year program of continuing medical education of physicians: teachers' and doctors' viewpoint. Journal of Isfahan Medical School. 1998;50(16):1-5.
30. Green CF, Mottram DR, Rowe PH, Pirmohamed M. Attitudes and knowledge of hospital pharmacists to adverse drug reaction reporting. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2001;51(1):81-6.
31. Flanagan C, Laituri M. Local cultural knowledge and water resource management: The Wind River Indian Reservation. Environ Manage. 2004;33:262-70.
32. Anderson S. The state of the world's pharmacy: a portrait of the pharmacy profession. J Interprof Care. 2002;16(4):391-404.
33. Batterton KA, Hale KN. The Likert scale what it is and how to use it. Phalanx. 2017;50(2):32-9.
34. Kotrlik JW, Higgins CC. Organizational research: Determining appropriate sample size in survey research appropriate sample size in survey research. Information Technology Learning and Performance Journal. 2001;19(1):43.
35. Niazi MJ. Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Community Pharmacists in Tehran about environmental health issues in pharmacy. Islamic Azad university of medical sciences: 2022. 134p.
36. Farsi Heydari B. Evaluation of workplace health indicators in Bank Dey. Allameh Tabataba’i University: 2016. 174p.
37. Launiala A. How much can a KAP survey tell us about people's knowledge, attitudes and practices? Some observations from medical anthropology research on malaria in pregnancy in Malawi. Anthropology Matters. 2001; 11(1).
2. Mihanpour H, Khashij M, Shamsizadeh Z, et al. Assessment of Environmental Literacy: A Case Study of Yazd Citizens’ Awareness, Attitudes, and Practices in 2017. Journal of Community Health Research. 2020;9(3):149-58.
3. Agomo CO, Ogunleye J, Portlock J. Enhancing the public health role of community pharmacists–a qualitative research utilising the theoretical domains framework. Innov Pharm. 2020;11(4):10.
4. Addo-Atuah J. Making a case for a public health orientation in global pharmacy education and practice in the context of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning. 2014;6(5):723-9.
5. Meyerson BE, Ryder PT, Richey-Smith C. Achieving pharmacy-based public health: a call for public health engagement. Public Health Rep. 2013;128(3):140-3.
6. Chisholm-Burns MA, Vaillancourt AM, Shepherd M. Pharmacy management, leadership, marketing, and finance: Jones & Bartlett Publishers; 2014.
7. Abramowitz PW. The evolution and metamorphosis of the pharmacy practice model. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2009;66(16):1437-46.
8. Hanafi S, Poormalek F, Torkamandi H, et al. Evaluation of community pharmacists’ knowledge, attitude and practice towards good pharmacy practice in Iran. J Pharm Care. 2013:19-24.
9. Mohanta G, Manna P, Valliappan K, Manavalan R. Achieving good pharmacy practice in community pharmacies in India. Am J Health Syst Pharm.2001;58(9):809-10.
10. Tekin CS. The role of community pharmacists in public health and public health related problems which they encounter. Journal of the Faculty of Pharmacy of Istanbul University. 2020;50(2):142-9.
11. Erku DA, Mersha AG. Involvement of community pharmacists in public health priorities: A multi-center descriptive survey in Ethiopia. Plos One. 2017;12(7):e0180943.
12. Beshir SA, Bt Hamzah NH. Health promotion and health education: perception, barriers and standard of practices of community pharmacists. International Journal of Health Promotion and Education. 2014;52(4):174-80.
13. Bou-Saba AW, Kassak KM, Salameh PR. The current trends and challenges towards good community pharmacy practice and the way forward. Explor Res Clin Soc Pharm. 2022;6:100152.
14. McMillan SS, Wheeler AJ, Sav A, et al. Community pharmacy in Australia: a health hub destination of the future. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2013;9(6):863-75.
15. Scahill S, Harrison J, Carswell P, Shaw J. Health care policy and community pharmacy: implications for the New Zealand primary health care sector. NZ Med J. 2010;123(1317):41-51.
16. Qaraman AFA, Elbayoumi M, Kakemam E, Albelbeisi AH. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice towards Occupational Health and Safety among Nursing Students in Gaza Strip, Palestine. Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences. 2022;32(5):1007-18.
17. Awan A, Afzal M, Majeed I, Waqas A, Gilani SA. Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practices regarding occupational hazards among Nurses at Nawaz Sharif Social Security Hospital Lahore Pakistan. Saudi J Med Pharm Sci. 2017;3(6):622-30.
18. Molai P. Evaluation on the extent of knowledge of pharmacist about OTC drug in Theran and Kermanshah. School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti university of Medical Sciences. 2004:56-8.
19. Pirsaheb M, Dargahi A, Asadi F, Karami A, Rezaei F. Prevalence of hepatitis B and its associated factors among barbers in Kermanshah province (2008-11). Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. 2016;19(7).
20. Hanafi S, Poormalek F, Torkamandi H,et al. Evaluation of community pharmacists’ knowledge, attitude and practice towards good pharmacy practice in Iran. J Pharm Care. 2013:19-24.
21. Adepu R, Nagavi B. General practitioners' perceptions about the extended roles of the community pharmacists in the state of Karnataka: A study. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2006;68(1).
22. Mihanpour H, Khashij M, Shamsizadeh Z, et al. Assessment of environmental literacy: A case study of yazd citizens’ awareness, attitudes, and practices in 2017. Journal of Community Health Research. 2020.
23. Youssef D, Abou-Abass L, Hassan H. Unveiling the unknown: first comprehensive assessment of the knowledge, attitudes and practices of hospital cleaning services staff regarding COVID-19 in Lebanon during the pandemic. Arch Public Health. 2023;81(1):134.
24. Shobeiri SM, Farajollahi M, Koohi Aghdam E, Meiboudi HM. The relationship between using mass media (with emphasis on tv) and promotion of teachers' environmental literacy. Information and Communication Technology in Educational Sciences. 2013;4(1 (13)):23-40.
25. Mesdaghinia A, Yunesian M, Naseri S, et al . The knowledge of Tehran citizens on environmental pollutions, related health effects and their information sources. Yafte. 2007; 9 (1) :3-13
26. Rezaei MS, Golbabaei F, Behzadi MH. Assessing the healthcare workers’ knowledge, attitude, and practice toward health, safety, and environment in an educational hospital affiliated by Iran university of medical sciences (2012-2013). Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 2017;19(4):347-55.
27. Abahussain NA, Abahussain EA, Al-Oumi FM. Pharmacists' attitudes and awareness towards the use and safety of herbs in Kuwait. Pharm Pract (internet). 2007;5(3):125-9.
28. Abdollahi AA, Rahmani H, Behnampour N. Assessment of level of knowledge, attitude and practice of employed nurses to nosocomial infection in teaching hospitals of Golestan University of Medical Sciences (2000). Journal of Gorgan University of Medical Sciences. 2003;5(1):80-6.
29. Zolfaghari B, Yousefi A, Adibi P. A look to five-year program of continuing medical education of physicians: teachers' and doctors' viewpoint. Journal of Isfahan Medical School. 1998;50(16):1-5.
30. Green CF, Mottram DR, Rowe PH, Pirmohamed M. Attitudes and knowledge of hospital pharmacists to adverse drug reaction reporting. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2001;51(1):81-6.
31. Flanagan C, Laituri M. Local cultural knowledge and water resource management: The Wind River Indian Reservation. Environ Manage. 2004;33:262-70.
32. Anderson S. The state of the world's pharmacy: a portrait of the pharmacy profession. J Interprof Care. 2002;16(4):391-404.
33. Batterton KA, Hale KN. The Likert scale what it is and how to use it. Phalanx. 2017;50(2):32-9.
34. Kotrlik JW, Higgins CC. Organizational research: Determining appropriate sample size in survey research appropriate sample size in survey research. Information Technology Learning and Performance Journal. 2001;19(1):43.
35. Niazi MJ. Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Community Pharmacists in Tehran about environmental health issues in pharmacy. Islamic Azad university of medical sciences: 2022. 134p.
36. Farsi Heydari B. Evaluation of workplace health indicators in Bank Dey. Allameh Tabataba’i University: 2016. 174p.
37. Launiala A. How much can a KAP survey tell us about people's knowledge, attitudes and practices? Some observations from medical anthropology research on malaria in pregnancy in Malawi. Anthropology Matters. 2001; 11(1).
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 12, No 3 (Summer 2024) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/jpc.v12i3.16771 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Environmental Health KAP Study Pharmacist | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Niazi M-J, Abrishami R, Shojaei P, Sadeghi-Sokeh S-M, Radmanesh R. Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Pharmacists in Tehran Pharmacies regarding Environmental Health Issues to Increase Good Pharmacy Practice. J Pharm Care. 2024;12(3):158-168.
