Prognostic Role of Inflammatory and Coagulation Factors in Severe COVID-19: A Descriptive Analysis from an Intensive Care Unit
-
Reza Pourfallah
,
Matin Badrbani
,
Behrad Azadmehr
,
Babak Jahangirifard
,
Reza Mourtami
,
Reza Shariat Moharari
,
Pejman Pourfakhr
,
Hamidreza Sharifnia
,
Mojtaba Mojtahedzadeh
,
Atabak Najafi
,
Parisa Kianpour
Abstract
Background: Severe COVID-19 is often associated with systemic inflammation and coagulopathy, which may influence clinical outcomes. Identifying prognostic biomarkers at ICU admission can aid in risk stratification and management.
Methods: In this retrospective study, 363 ICU-admitted patients with severe COVID-19 were evaluated. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality; secondary outcomes included associations between inflammatory/coagulation biomarkers and mortality, and comparison of derived ratios with their individual components.
Results: Mortality was 62.8%. Non-survivors had significantly higher D-dimer (p = 0.047), ferritin (p = 0.057), ESR (p = 0.018), and PCT (p = 0.049), with lower lymphocyte counts (p = 0.058) and vitamin D levels (p = 0.002). NLR was markedly elevated in non-survivors (p = 0.037) and showed the best predictive value (AUC = 0.66), outperforming neutrophil and lymphocyte counts individually. PLR provided limited discrimination. Diabetes and hypertension were also associated with increased mortality.
Conclusion: Inflammatory and coagulation markers—particularly NLR, D-dimer, ferritin, ESR, PCT, lymphocyte count, and vitamin D—are useful predictors of mortality in critically ill COVID-19. Early recognition of these parameters may aid triage and optimize ICU resource allocation.
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| Issue | Vol 13, No 3 (Summer 2025) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/jpc.v13i3.20321 | |
| Keywords | ||
| COVID-19 Inflammation Coagulopathy Mortality ICU D-dimer Ferritin NLR Lymphopenia | ||
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